Pura Vida

Posted on November 27, 2023 by Tina

My husband and I have long wanted to visit Costa Rica. Recently, we were privileged to spend some enchanted time in this stunning Central American country. I know quite a few people who’ve traveled to, or lived in, Costa Rica, and every one has absolutely loved the country and the nice folks who call it home.

Costa Ricans are known for their warmth. Each day of our visit, friendly waves and bright smiles greeted us, usually with a polite buenas días, or buenas noches as an added bonus. No transaction or conversation was complete without a gracias and responding mucho gusto!

Fisherman returning to shore in Puntarenas Province

Yes, we’re obviously tourists and locals in most places are usually friendly with tourists, but when strolling through small communities or dining at local (and fabulous!) restaurants, Costa Ricans were always gracious. We were welcomed and charmed throughout the trip.

Because we’re interested in the flora and fauna of the region, we didn’t spend much time in larger cities and opted to hire an expert in Costa Rica’s environment as a guide. Our focus was visiting gardens and national parks, along with enjoying scenic drives through lush landscapes.

Poinsettia, *Euphorbia pulcherrima,* Impatiens

Through a recommendation from a Facebook ‘Birds of Texas’ contact, we connected with Johan Weintz Aguilar to guide and host our time in Costa Rica. Johan is Costa Rican and was an excellent choice. Incredibly knowledgeable (and patient!), he’s also a great driver, and an all-around sweet-heart of a guy. We had nine-plus wonderful days together: Johan teaching, Tina and Steven learning–the three of us sharing a slice of Costa Rican pura vida.

Brazilian Red Cloak, *Megaskepasma erythrochlamys*

Unknown bloom, pierced by insect or bird for nectar stealing

Pura vida is a phrase which defines lovely Costa Rica. What is it? Pura vida is a greeting, a farewell, a slogan–a way of life. Pura vida is about living and enjoying each moment and appreciating the beauty that life offers. Costa Rica is the definition of beauty and it’s no wonder that this special place consistently ranks as one of the world’s happiest countries.

Parrot Heliconia, *Helconia psittacorum*

Costa Rica disbanded their army in 1948 and instead of funding a military, have wisely invested in education, culture, and protection of the environment. An educated population, the literacy rate tops 97%, with both public and private schools and universities creating a workforce for thriving ecotourism, art, agriculture, and related fields.

The United States could learn a thing or two from that example…

Costa Rica is a small country: in American-speak, it’s roughly the size of West Virginia; in Euro-speak, it’s the size of Denmark. That being said, about 6% of the world’s species live in Costa Rica, even though its landmass is only 0.03% of the planet. That’s a lot of flora and fauna and other cool stuff packed into a small package!

The least dangerous crocodile we observed

Various gingers in a Orosi Valley garden

Costa Rica’s leaders have wisely protected upwards of 25% of their land, with incentives awarded to private landowners for protection of even more of the natural landscapes and ecosystems. So while there are cattle and produce farms, fruit and coffee plantations galore, as well as bustling population centers, relatively unscathed swaths of intact ecosystems are scattered throughout the country, allowing for corridors for bird/animal migration and protection of healthy, bio-diverse green space throughout the country.

Moss, fern, algae, other leaf matter covering rock

Costa Rica resides in the narrow strip of land connecting North and South America, bordered on the west by the Pacific Ocean and on the east by the Caribbean Sea. The Central Valley of Costa Rica holds most of Costa Rica’s population, including the capital city, San Jose. Various mountain ranges thread the length of the country; the highest peak, Mount Chirripó, is 12,536 feet/3821 meters. Mountainous terrain allows for rapid changes in humidity, rainfall, and temperatures; varied biological systems range from tropical rain forests to alpine tundra. Mountains also act as blocks to humidity and rainfall: the Caribbean side receive great amounts of rainfall, while parts of Costa Rica’s western side experience dry periods.

Costa Rica boasts four distinct biological environments, defined by rainfall amounts and temperature variations: tropical rain forests, tropical dry forests, tropical cloud forests and páramo (dry, alpine).

Our trip started in the capital city, San Jose. We then drove southeast to the Orosi Valley and visited Tapanti National Park and Rio Macho Reserve. Moving southward and following the Pan-American Highway, we traversed the mountainous terrain of the Cerra de la Muerte. This highland area where we spent a couple of days is a particular favorite of mine. Traveling west and north, the Central Pacific Coast followed on the itinerary. This region combines the tropical dry forest which overlaps with the tropical rainforest, creating the opportunity for great bird watching and stunning landscapes. Carara National Park is located here and boasts dense, lush hiking trails. Heading north, we ended at Arenal Volcano National Park–another fascinating place with beautiful gardens and remarkable wildlife.

Our last full day included a trip northward near to the Nicaraguan border, where the Caño Negro Wildlife Refuge, a fresh water wetland full of wildlife, is located. That day also included a drive back to San Jose, with more birding and beautiful scenery as we drove along twisty mountain roads, ending in the Central Valley.

The trip was well organized and allowed us to experience a wide variety of land forms, plant species, and diverse wildlife. We logged a bit over 500 miles/1100 kilometers in this small country, observed both gentle and raging rivers, dramatic waterfalls, calm lakes, huge trees, all varieties of limb and rock-hugging epiphytes, deep, dark skies sparkling with stars that I’d forgotten exist, and masses of gorgeous flowering plants.

Oh, and the birds, mammals, reptiles, and insects were pretty great too!

We saw so much during our Costa Rica stay; my head is still full of sights, sounds, experiences. I took gobs of photos, many of which are less than sharp (ahem, really crummy…), but even those shots (especially of the birds) are clear enough for me to recall the event and to elicit sweet memories of those moments.

I plan another post or two about our too-brief time in Costa Rica, focusing on the incredible birds and other wildlife that we observed. In Costa Rica, biodiversity rocks!

Poverty Weed and Goldenrod

Posted on October 26, 2023 by Tina

Two, new-to-my-garden native plants popped up this season, whether gifts from wind or wildlife, I won’t hazard a guess, but I’m pleased nonetheless. I was excited when I spotted the resplendent blooms of a Goldenrod, Solidago gigantea.

I then recognized its frothy neighbor, a Poverty Weed, Baccharis neglecta.

The plants actually belong to my neighbor and sister-in-law, as they’ve grown up at the base of the remains of her large Arizona Ash, which is now mostly bark, but full of life with insects and perching birds. I had no idea these two were plotting to play a role in the ensemble of the garden because they’ve been situated between my SIL’s tree and a group of my plants, including a large Plateau Goldeneye, Viguiera dentata, some Turk’s Cap, Malvaviscus arboreus, and a Mexican Orchid tree, Bauhinia mexicana, and so weren’t noticed until each grew tall enough and flowered bodaciously enough to demand attention.

Both plants’ blooms are providing plenty for pollinators; mostly I’ve seen bees.

In this photo, just north of the smeary honeybee, you can see a tiny, dark native bee. To the right of that bee, is another native, either bee or beetle, I’m not quite sure.

The Poverty Weed’s mass of snowy blooms reaches over a cluster of Goldeneye flowers; bees zip between the two plants.

Photos of the small flowers have been tricky, due to wind, rain, and photographer limitations, but in this photo, there are several tiny black insects–all native bees.

This honeybee is a giant compared to the little natives nectaring, but both species are enjoying the bounty.

I’m always tickled when new plants make their home in my garden and I appreciate observing and learning about them. I will need to cull any seedlings that these two produce (and there will be some…or plenty), but I welcome these native pollinator plants full of charm and beauty and appreciate their contribution to the diversity of my garden.

Berry Good!

Posted on October 12, 2023 by Tina

Autumn in Central Texas brings an appreciated dramatic flush of blooms (after the heat and drought of a long summer) but also a generous offering of fruits and seeds from many spring-blooming plants.

American Beautyberry, Callicarpa americana, is a hardy shade-to-sun deciduous shrub which provides yummy meals for Blue Jays, Mockingbirds and various mammals.

Dainty pink June blooms segue to light green berry clusters in July, which then color-up in August. By mid-September, the berries arrive at their disco-metallic, ready-to-eat form. Critters show up and critters eat. I haven’t snagged a decent shot of anyone nibbling on the berries, as foliage provides good cover. But nibble they have.

The first photos were taken weeks ago, but with wildlife noshing, most of the purple goodness that decorated the shrub, are gone with those bird and mammal meals. The Beautyberry still holds a few clusters of berries, which I expect will be eaten in the next few weeks. After that, with shorter and cooler days, the foliage will turn butter yellow and eventually drop to the ground, a mosaic of autumn which, in time, will add nutrients to the soil for future growing seasons.

Another plant that resident and migratory birds enjoy is Roughleaf Dogwood tree,Cornus drummondii. This particular tree is situated behind my pond and provides good refuge for bathing birds to escape to when startled, or a restful spot to perch when fluffing wet feathers is required.

Birds nosh on the creamy white fruits which sit aloft wine-colored stems. Ignored berries have fermented, crinkled, and turned a deep black-blue.

The blast of yellow in the background comes from a couple of Plateau Goldeneye, Viguiera dentata, shrubs. Pollinators are all over these blooms right now and when the blooms end, birds will go ga-ga for the seeds. Once a freeze renders the shrub dormant, finches reportedly use dried leaves for their nesting material.

Before fall fruit development, Rough-leaf Dogwood flower creamy white blooms in April and May, attracting a variety of pollinators, especially fly and native bee species.

Wildlife friendly gardens require plants that are food sources, as well as havens from danger and for rest. These three plants are native to Texas and are excellent seasonal wildlife plants. All are tough plants and easy to grow, add form and structure for human admiration and important sustenance for wildlife. Autumn is a good time to plant perennials and trees here in Texas, so give native plants a whirl in your garden. You’ll appreciate their beauty and practice good stewardship on your plot of the Earth.